margin
Quick Summary for margin
The <strong><code>margin</code></strong> <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS">CSS</a> shorthand property sets the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSSBoxModel/IntroductiontotheCSSboxmodel#marginarea">margin area</a> on all four sides of an element.
Code Usage for margin
<pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code><span class="token comment">/ Apply to all four sides /</span> <span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 1em<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> -3px<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/ vertical | horizontal /</span> <span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 5% auto<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/ top | horizontal | bottom /</span> <span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 1em auto 2em<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/ top | right | bottom | left /</span> <span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 2px 1em 0 auto<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/ Global values /</span> <span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> inherit<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> initial<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> revert<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> unset<span class="token punctuation">;</span> </code></pre>
More Details for margin
margin
The margin CSS shorthand property sets the margin area on all four sides of an element.
Constituent properties
This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:
margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top Syntax
/* Apply to all four sides */ margin: 1em; margin: -3px; /* vertical | horizontal */ margin: 5% auto; /* top | horizontal | bottom */ margin: 1em auto 2em; /* top | right | bottom | left */ margin: 2px 1em 0 auto; /* Global values */ margin: inherit; margin: initial; margin: revert; margin: unset; The margin property may be specified using one, two, three, or four values. Each value is a <length>, a <percentage>, or the keyword auto. Negative values draw the element closer to its neighbors than it would be by default.
Values
<length> The size of the margin as a fixed value.
<percentage> The size of the margin as a percentage, relative to the width of the containing block.
auto The browser selects a suitable margin to use. For example, in certain cases this value can be used to center an element.
Description
This property can be used to set a margin on all four sides of an element. Margins create extra space around an element, unlike padding, which creates extra space within an element.
The top and bottom margins have no effect on non-replaced inline elements, such as <span> or <code>.
Horizontal centering
To center something horizontally in modern browsers, you can use display: flex; justify-content: center;.
However, in older browsers like IE8-9 that do not support Flexible Box Layout, these are not available. In order to center an element inside its parent, use margin: 0 auto;.
Margin collapsing
Elements' top and bottom margins are sometimes collapsed into a single margin that is equal to the larger of the two margins. See Mastering margin collapsing for more information.
Formal definition
| Initial value | as each of the properties of the shorthand:margin-bottom: 0margin-left: 0margin-right: 0margin-top: 0 |
|---|---|
| Applies to | all elements, except elements with table display types other than table-caption, table and inline-table. It also applies to ::first-letter and ::first-line. |
| Inherited | no |
| Percentages | refer to the width of the containing block |
| Computed value | as each of the properties of the shorthand:margin-bottom: the percentage as specified or the absolute lengthmargin-left: the percentage as specified or the absolute lengthmargin-right: the percentage as specified or the absolute lengthmargin-top: the percentage as specified or the absolute length |
| Animation type | a length |
Formal syntax
[ <length> | <percentage> | auto ]{1,4}Examples
Simple example
HTML<div class="center">This element is centered.</div> <div class="outside">This element is positioned outside of its container.</div> .center { margin: auto; background: lime; width: 66%; } .outside { margin: 3rem 0 0 -3rem; background: cyan; width: 66%; } More examples
margin: 5%; /* All sides: 5% margin */ margin: 10px; /* All sides: 10px margin */ margin: 1.6em 20px; /* top and bottom: 1.6em margin */ /* left and right: 20px margin */ margin: 10px 3% -1em; /* top: 10px margin */ /* left and right: 3% margin */ /* bottom: -1em margin */ margin: 10px 3px 30px 5px; /* top: 10px margin */ /* right: 3px margin */ /* bottom: 30px margin */ /* left: 5px margin */ margin: 2em auto; /* top and bottom: 2em margin */ /* Box is horizontally centered */ margin: auto; /* top and bottom: 0 margin */ /* Box is horizontally centered */ Specifications
| Specification |
|---|
| CSS Box Model Module Level 3 # margin |
See also
Introduction to the CSS basic box model Margin collapsingmargin-top, margin-right, margin-bottom, and margin-left The mapped logical properties: margin-block-start, margin-block-end, margin-inline-start, and margin-inline-end and the shorthands margin-block and margin-inline Select your preferred language English (US)DeutschEspañolFrançais日本語한국어PolskiPortuguês (do Brasil)Русский中文 (简体) Change language
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